Older Adults Buffer Against Exploitation - An Ageist Series (2 of 3)

08
Aug 2024
CPHR Alberta
153
A group of people are connected to each other in a network.

Author : Manley Osbak 

Excluding older adults from the workforce encourages the development of exploitative environments. Organizations thrive on instrumental transactions in which something is traded for something. Young adults, aged 25 to 45, are often eager to engage in transactional relationships if the rewards are compelling. The resulting demand – supply co-dependence can produce a workplace culture that reduces people to mere instrumentality. Older adults can buffer young people from the emergence of such exploitative cultures, however, by balancing instrumental and competitive values with constitutive and cooperative values.

People make choices about which goals to pursue, attempting to maximize the benefits while minimizing the costs. This process is known as selection, optimization, and compensation. As our available resources change throughout life, so too do our goals. Young adults often prioritize individual distinction and the acquisition of material and social resources. Driven to achieve personal goals, they leverage social interactions strategically and prioritize competitive interests. In optimizing the benefits of their selected goals, young adults may exclude those who don’t directly contribute to their competitive interests, and thereby fail to foresee, minimize, and compensate for unintended consequences.

The early 20th century saw the emergence of Classical Management, shaped by Frederick Taylor’s Scientific Management, Henri Fayol’s Principles of Management, and Max Weber’s development of bureaucratic organizations. This management philosophy emphasized rationality, predictability, impersonality, technical competence, and authoritarianism. Although not inherently limited to instrumentalism, Classical Management has increasingly focused on the instrumental value of resources—assessing the worth of ideas, actions, or objects solely on their utility in achieving desired outcomes. While this approach may be practical for managing objects, it becomes unethical when applied to people.

Instrumental pursuits involve actions that are not inherently rewarding but are pursued because they lead to a reward. Constitutive pursuits are actions that are rewarding in and of themselves, valued for the inherent satisfaction that they provide. Instrumental pursuits, being extrinsically motivated, place the locus of control externally—dependent on others and specific outcomes. Conversely, constitutive pursuits, driven by intrinsic motivation, keep the locus of control internal, anchored within oneself. 

The Classical Management approach can easily over-emphasize instrumentalism: people become objects and the relationship between the business and it’s employees becomes purely transactional. Reduced to mere instrumentality, people’s feelings, intentions, thoughts, and experiences become largely irrelevant. When young adults select instrumental pursuits, they choose work environments that support and reward instrumentalism. The reciprocal demand – supply relationship creates a reinforcing loop that can lead to exploitive work cultures.

The inclusion of older adults can buffer young adults from the development of overly instrumental work cultures by balancing instrumental and competitive values with constitutive and cooperative values. As people transition into middle-adulthood, their focus often shifts from pursuing actions with instrumental value to those with inherent meaning. Older adults tend to prioritize constitutive actions, that lead to positive affect (stable emotional disposition) and social embeddedness and functional community. They are, therefore, uniquely positioned to infuse the workplace with constitutive and cooperative values.

Recent research demonstrates that values change when the perception of time change. When time is seen as expansive, as it may in young adulthood, people are more willing to delay personal authenticity to acquire resources and establish their positions within the competitive hierarchy. As people age, however, they begin to see time as limited, personal authenticity becomes less negotiable, and people are drawn to activities that hold emotional salience or personal significance. Consequently, while young adults may engage in instrumental actions that yield future benefits, older adults tend to prefer constitutive actions that are meaningful in the present.

While middle-aged and older adults may show less interest in opportunities for professional growth and status compared to their younger counterparts, they often demonstrate a greater inclination towards helping others, investing in relationships, and engaging in organizational citizenship behavior. This shift is crucial as it fosters the development of a more balanced workplace culture that can protect young adults from the toxicity of overly instrumental work environments. 

The exclusion of older adults from the workforce not only deprives organizations of valuable experience and wisdom but may foster exploitative environments that over-emphasize instrumental transactions. Young adults, being particularly susceptible to this situation, may find themselves in roles where their worth is measured solely by their output. In contrast, the inclusion of older adults may introduce a more balanced perspective, emphasizing relational and intrinsic values over purely instrumental ones. This intergenerational approach not only enriches the workplace culture but also acts as a protective buffer for younger employees, shielding them from exploitative practices and contributing to a healthier, more supportive work environment. Recognizing and harnessing the diverse strengths of all age groups is essential for creating a more sustainable, productive, and generative workplace.


The views and opinions expressed in this blog post belong solely to the original author(s) and do not necessarily represent the views and opinions of CPHR Alberta.


Manley Osbak is a Workforce Development Specialist with Work Locomotion where he leads the development and delivery of supervisor training. As a Certified Training and Development Professional with over 25 years of experience in the energy, construction, and manufacturing sectors, Manley focuses on helping supervisors master their roles in an increasingly complex operating environment. Having authored and coauthored numerous journal papers and trade magazine articles, Manley is well known for his investigative approach and crisp delivery. Connect with him on LinkedIn and access his current work on worklocomotion.Substack.com.


The views and opinions expressed in this blog post belong solely to the original author(s) and do not necessarily represent the views and opinions of CPHR Alberta.



By Jessica Jaithoo July 9, 2026
Author: Robin Daultani Mental health support. Fitness benefits. Stress management resources. Workplace wellness programs have evolved significantly over the past decade. Yet one foundational pillar of employee health and performance remains conspicuously absent from most wellness strategies: sleep. The cost of this gap is staggering. A landmark RAND Corporation study¹ found that insufficient sleep costs the Canadian economy up to $21.4 billion annually, through a combination of absenteeism and reduced productivity. A Gallup study² reinforced this finding, showing that poor sleepers report more than double the rate of unplanned absences compared to other workers. And a 2026 Wellhub study³ found that 83% of employees identify poor sleep as a contributing factor to burnout, a figure that demands attention when nearly nine in ten employees report burnout symptoms annually. Consider what this looks like in practice. A team member who slept poorly scrolls through emails at 7am already feeling behind. By mid-morning, a decision that should take minutes stretches into a 45-minute deliberation. After lunch, focus drops sharply, not because of the workload, but because the brain is running on insufficient rest. By 3pm, a second coffee masks the fatigue but does nothing for the impaired judgment underneath. Research shows that after 17 hours of continuous wakefulness, the equivalent of a normal waking day ending at 11pm, cognitive impairment matches that of someone who is legally intoxicated⁴. This is not an unusual day. For many employees, this is every day. Sleep rarely appears on the wellness agenda, leaving a significant and measurable performance gap unaddressed. The reason is partly cultural. Sleep is still widely perceived as a personal responsibility. But the research suggests otherwise: sleep is not a personal indulgence. It is a performance lever that affects every metric HR professionals are already tracking: productivity, absenteeism, burnout, and retention. The same RAND study¹ that quantified the cost of insufficient sleep also found the flipside: if Canadians who sleep under six hours started sleeping just one hour more per night, it could add $12 billion to the national economy. The returns are not theoretical. They are measurable, achievable, and waiting to be captured. The good news is that addressing sleep does not require a major overhaul of existing wellness programs. Organizations can start by simply putting sleep on the wellness agenda. Most workplace wellness surveys ask about stress, mental health, and physical activity. Adding questions about sleep quality or duration to existing wellness assessments can provide baseline data to identify and measure the scope of the issue within their workforce. Leaders and managers who openly prioritize rest and recovery give permission for the rest of the organization to do the same. Small cultural shifts like discouraging late-night emails or respecting boundaries around after-hours communication can quietly improve sleep conditions across an entire team. None of these require a budget. They require intentional inclusion. Now consider what becomes possible. A team member, after two weeks of consistent, quality sleep, arrives at work already focused. The mid-morning decision is made in minutes. The afternoon dip is manageable, not debilitating. The second coffee becomes optional, not essential. Nothing else about their workload or responsibilities has changed. They show up more empathetic and more present for their customers, peers, and family. The only difference is how well they slept. The performance gap between these two versions of the same employee is not marginal. It is the difference between surviving and thriving. The question for HR professionals is no longer whether sleep affects organizational performance. The research has answered that definitively. The question is whether sleep has earned a place in their wellness strategy. And if not, what that gap is quietly costing their organization.
By Jessica Jaithoo June 25, 2026
Author: Rheya Patel , 2026 Social Media Committee Member Leading with Courage, Empathy, and Connection Over the past two days, people leaders and business professionals as well as members of our CPHR Alberta community gathered at the BMO Center in Calgary to explore the ever-evolving terrain of Human Resources, firmly reminding me just how incredibly interesting, as well as important our work is in daily organizational operations. Coming from an in-person perspective, the energy was incredible. As Co-Chair of this year’s Social Media Committee, I had the privilege of attending both days, capturing these moments and learning alongside all of you. The overarching theme of this year's conference was clear: while technology and processes are evolving, the future of HR is fundamentally asking us to be more human. Day 1: Adaptability and Breaking New Paths We kicked off Day 1 with a focus on Change Management. The first panel emphasized that in a world defined by constant shifts, HR must prioritize workforce planning and clear communication to remain resilient. One of the most unique panels on day 1 explored the world of Military Reservists led by three actively serving reservists. It was intriguing to learn about skills that can be transferred both "on and off the field"—such as leadership under pressure and community networking—and how undoubtedly invaluable they are to the professional world. Our panelists also touched on the vital importance of motivating and connecting with Canadian youth to build our future talent pipelines. Our closing panel was a powerful discussion on Leading the Future. The message was bold: do not wait for a path to be cleared for you. Courage is the Catalyst: Small ideas can spark massive change. Validation through Action: When you take the lead, others join the idea, creating the momentum needed to become a changemaker. A New Approach to Leadership: Instead of leading solely with data, processes, or solutions, the panel challenged us to lead with stories, questions, and silence. However, this was not the end. After all scheduled events, the day wrapped up with an HR Social in our exhibit hall. And though my duties were finished for the day, I took full advantage of the opportunity to meet with other HR professionals to continue to learn and grow. Receiving invaluable tips on starting off my own career as an emerging HR professional. Day 2: Culture, Integrity, and the AI Balance Day 2 shifted our focus toward the internal health of our organizations. I firmly believe that organizations should take care of the people within, just as they care about the people on the outside. We can think of it as how we take care of ourselves and each other. Empathy causes us to care deeply for others, but sometimes caring for ourselves can lose priority in our day to day lives, but our bodies are tuned in to making sure we don’t forget. Such as internal signals to let us know when we’re tired, our stomachs rumbling to indicate hunger. These internal signals can be a mini, personal version of an HR group, taking care of the internal needs while we take care of external needs. Starting bright and early, our opening keynote speaker addressed the difficult reality and complexities of toxic bosses. As HR professionals, it is our responsibility to ensure toxicity isn't "hidden in plain sight," to hold these bosses accountable, and to protect employees from potential retaliation when reporting harmful behavior. It is part of our role to reach the root of the issue and help to resolve it before the weeds grow out of control. Our first micro-session of the day dove into a matter that has become a topic of intense discussion as of recently. 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While AI has many uses and can easily adapt on the flick of a dime, it is us, the culture, being human, that makes a workplace come to life. Closing with Empathy To close out this years’ CPHR conference, our final keynote on transformative leadership was led by the Honourable, Beverley McLachlin, the first female and longest-serving Chief Justice. While short, it had to be the most powerful session I got to attend over the two day conference. The lesson was simple, yet profound: Leading with integrity and empathy means finding the best in your people and highlighting their unique strengths to succeed as a unified team. And I believe this is what HR is about. Working with people that bring out the best in each other to form strength and unity in the workforce. Looking Ahead to 2027 I hope everyone learned something invaluable that changes the way they work. 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By Marina Perkovic June 16, 2026
As the governing voice of CPHR Alberta, the Board of Directors meets quarterly to provide oversight and guidance across key strategic and operational priorities.  To maintain transparency with members and stakeholders, we continue to share post-meeting updates to highlight progress, key decisions, and how we are advancing the HR profession while ensuring a strong and sustainable organization. The Board of Directors met in June 2026 to review organizational performance, governance priorities, and long-term sustainability. The Board’s key messages for the membership are as follows: Continued Membership Growth CPHR Alberta continues to grow, with membership increasing by 4% year-over-year to 7,559 active members. Growth is being driven by strong engagement from students, future HR professionals, and members pursuing the CPHR designation, demonstrating the continued strength and relevance of the HR profession across Alberta, the Northwest Territories, and Nunavut. Strong Financial Position The Board reviewed Q1 2026 financial results and continues to closely monitor financial performance and long-term sustainability. CPHR Alberta remains committed to responsible stewardship of member resources while investing in programs, services, technology, and professional development opportunities that deliver value to members. Investing in the Future of the Profession Advancing the visibility and influence of the HR profession remains a strategic priority. A new province-wide marketing campaign has launched to position CPHRs as trusted business leaders and strategic partners, while increasing awareness of the value of the designation among employers and the broader business community. Supporting Future HR Professionals Student membership continues to be a key driver of growth, reflecting strong interest in HR careers and the CPHR designation. CPHR Alberta remains committed to supporting students, candidates, and emerging professionals as they progress through their HR careers. Continuous Improvement in Governance and Member Service The Board and its committees continue to strengthen governance practices, review policies, and enhance Board effectiveness. This ongoing work ensures oversight remains aligned with leading practices and supports a strong, sustainable organization for members. Focus on Long-Term Sustainability The Board continues to review long-term financial planning, revenue diversification, and future membership dues strategy. These efforts are aimed at ensuring financial sustainability while maintaining the value delivered to members. Looking Ahead The Board’s focus for the remainder of 2026 includes: Continuing to grow membership and engagement Expanding the visibility and influence of the HR profession Supporting a future-ready HR community Maintaining strong governance, risk management, and financial oversight Delivering high-quality programs, services, and member experiences The next Board meeting takes place in November 2026, after which we will again share our key messages. If you have any questions regarding these key messages or the Board of Directors, please contact chair@cphrab.ca . We welcome your feedback!
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